Francis was a son of Emperor Leopold II (1747–1792) and his wife Maria Luisa of Spain (1745–1792), daughter of Charles III of Spain. Francis II (German: Franz II. The duchy and the ducal title to Lorraine and Bar passed to King Louis XV of France upon Leszczynski's death in 1766, though Francis and his successors retained the right to style themselves as dukes of Lorraine and Bar. Print. Francis and Maria were blessed with sixteen children, including the Queen of France, the Queen of Naples and Sicily, the Duchess of Parma and two Holy Roman Emperors, Joseph II and Leopold II. Maria Theresa and her husband, Francis I, Holy Roman Emperor, had eleven daughters, including the Queen of France, the Queen of Naples and Sicily, the Duchess of Parma, and five sons, including two Holy Roman Emperors, Joseph II and Leopold II. As evident from her lineage, she came from high royalty and married the future & last King of France, Louis-Auguste (later Louis XVI) at 1770 at the age of 14. It honors works of excellence in the 18th century or the Habsburg monarchy. He had designed to marry his daughter Maria Theresa to Francis' older brother … He had a natural fund of good sense and brilliant business capacity and was a useful assistant to Maria Theresa in the laborious task of governing the complicated Austrian dominions, but he was not active in politics or diplomacy. Holy Roman Emperor Lothar I - 833-855. Francis Stephen of Lorraine, a cognatic descendant of the Medici, succeeded the family and ascended the throne of his Medicean ancestors. As a result, Elisabeth's sons could claim by right of being a descendant of Margherita. Francis II (German: Franz II. Francis was brought up in Vienna with Maria Theresa with the understanding that they were to be married, and a real affection arose between them. He supported the conservative political system of Metternich in Germany and Europe after the Congress of Vienna. London, 1977. After inheriting the kingdom after his father’s death in 936, he began uniting the German tribes into a single kingdom. He had designed to marry his daughter Maria Theresa to Franz-Stephen’s older brother Leopold Clement. Saleem turkey pakoras Sarai Saleh, Haripur, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. The rooms here costs from 3, While Going for the office Lunch Break near Wall Street Downtown NYC I have see, Made a family trip to Nabran, Azerbaijan this Eid. Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment. He assumed the title of Emperor of Austria in response to the coronation of Napoleon as Emperor of the French. Francis was born in Nancy, Lorraine (now in France), the oldest surviving son of Leopold, Duke of Lorraine, and his wife Élisabeth Charlotte d'Orléans. In June 1737 Francis went to Hungary again to fight against the Turks. Holy Roman Emper or Francis I - 1745-1765. The famous "Let them eat cake" phrase is also attributed to her although it has never been verified. However, his wife left him in charge of the financial affairs, which he managed well until his death. He was very close to his brother and sister Anne Charlotte. He was connected with the Habsburgs through his grandmother Eleonor, daughter of Emperor Ferdinand III. [7] Heavily indebted and on the verge of bankruptcy at the end of the Seven Years' War, the Austrian Empire was in a better financial condition than France or England in the 1780s. Francis I (German: Franz Stefan; Italian: Francesco Stefano; English: Francis Stephen; 8 December 1708 – 18 August 1765) was Holy Roman Emperor and Grand Duke of Tuscany, though his wife effectively executed the real powers of those positions. [5] On 24 January 1737 Francis received Tuscany from his father-in-law. On 31 January 1736 Francis agreed to marry Maria Theresa. Paris, Bibliothèque Des Arts Decoratifs Digital improved image of francis ii, holy roman emperor, last emperor of the holy roman empire, 1768 - 1835, portrait, historic illustration, 1880 The Louvre boasts a significant collection of objects and art associated with Marie Antoinette including paintings, bust sculptures etc. The Francis Stephen Award pays homage to the interest that Francis I had in science, arts and culture of Austria. Francis was succeeded as Emperor by his eldest son, Joseph II, and as Grand Duke of Tuscany by his younger son, Peter Leopold (later Emperor Leopold II). On 17 December 1738 the couple travelled south, accompanied by his brother Charles to visit Florence for three months. Find the perfect Francis I, Holy Roman Emperor stock photos and editorial news pictures from Getty Images. As evident from her lineage, she came from high royalty and married the future & last King of France, Louis-Auguste (later Louis XVI) at 1770 at the age of 14. Emperor Charles VI favored the family, who, besides being his cousins, had served the house of Austria with distinction. Francis succeeded his father as Duke of Lorraine in 1729. Holy Roman Emperor Carl VI favoured the family, who, besides being his cousins, had served the House of Habsburg with distinction. Portrait of Francis II, Holy Roman Emperor, or Francis I of Austria with his wife Caroline Augusta of Bavaria , engraving. Francis was a womanizer and was popular for his philandering activities. Although fighting stopped after the preliminary peace, the final peace settlement had to wait until the death of the last Medici Grand Duke of Tuscany, Gian Gastone de' Medici in 1737, to allow the territorial exchanges provided for by the peace settlement to go into effect. Emperor Charles VI favoured the family, who, besides being his cousins, had served the house of Austria with distinction. In March 1736 the Emperor persuaded Francis, his future son-in-law, to secretly exchange Lorraine for the Grand Duchy of Tuscany. They were the founders of the Habsburg-Lorraine dynasty. Especially during her last years of rule and house arrest, she became highly unpopular among the French people due to her pompous living, wastage of national wealth, sympathy for her native Austria (which was the enemy of France) and role against the revolution. Francis I (Francis Stephen; German: Franz Stefan; French: François Étienne; 8 December 1708 – 18 August 1765)[1] was the Duke of Lorraine and Bar (1729–1737), and later Grand Duke of Tuscany (1737–1765), who married Maria Theresa of Austria and became Holy Roman Emperor (1745–1765) and Archduke of Austria (1740–1765). . Discover more posts about daughter-of-francis-i-holy-roman-emperor. In June 1732 he agreed to go to Pressburg. etc. Francis I, (born Dec. 8, 1708, Nancy, Duchy of Lorraine—died Aug. 18, 1765, Innsbruck, Austria), Holy Roman emperor from Sept. 13, 1745; he was duke of Lorraine (as Francis Stephen) from 1729 to 1735 and grand duke of Tuscany from 1737. The now famous Madame Tussaud was commissioned to make her head's death mask after the execution. The (secret) treaty between the Emperor and Francis was signed on 4 May 1736. Franz I Stephen, Holy Roman Emperor and Grand Duke of Tuscany. Picture taken on Aug 19 at 1, Day 4 – Shangrila resort, Lower Kachura Lake Skardu. In 1744 Francis' brother Charles married a younger sister of Maria Theresa, Archduchess Maria Anna of Austria. She was finally tried of depletion of national treasury, compromising security of the state and high treason by the revolutionary government and condemned to death. Under its terms, Stanisław I, the father-in-law of King Louis XV and the losing claimant to the Polish throne, received Lorraine, while Francis, in compensation for his loss, was made heir to the Grand Duchy of Tuscany, which he would inherit in 1737. He was connected with the Habsburgs through his grandmother Eleonore, daughter of Emperor Ferdinand III. Maria Theresa retained the government of her dominions until her own death in 1780. In 1731 he was initiated into freemasonry (Grand Lodge of England) by John Theophilus Desaguliers at a specially convened lodge in The Hague at the house of the British Ambassador, Philip Stanhope, 4th Earl of Chesterfield. [4] On 10 January, the Spanish troops began their withdrawal from Tuscany, and were replaced by 6,000 Austrians. He assumed the title of Emperor of Austria in response to the coronation of Napoleon as Emperor of the French.Soon after Napoleon created the Confederation of the Rhine, Francis abdicated as Holy Roman Emperor. Francis was born in Nancy, Lorraine (now in France), the oldest surviving son of Leopold, Duke of Lorraine, and his wife Princess Élisabeth Charlotte d'Orléans. Maria Theresia und ihre Zeit. Marie Antoinette was the last queen of France who was stripped of her title, put in jail, and then executed by her own people. Francis I (Francis Stephen; 8 December 1708 – 18 August 1765) was Holy Roman Emperor and Grand Duke of Tuscany, though his wife effectively executed the real power of those positions.With his wife, Maria Theresa of Austria, he was the founder of the Habsburg-Lorraine dynasty. Emperor Charles VI favored the family, who, besides being his cousins, had served the house … He was connected with the Habsburgs through his grandmother Eleonore, daughter of Emperor Ferdinand III. Francis I (Francis Stephen; 8 December 1708 – 18 August 1765) [1] was Holy Roman Emperor and Grand Duke of Tuscany, though his wife effectively executed the real powers of those positions.With his wife, Maria Theresa, he was the founder of the Habsburg-Lorraine dynasty. He was the eldest son of Henry I the Fowler. They arrived on 20 January 1739. In 1744 Charles became governor of the Austrian Netherlands, a post he held until his death in 1780. Maria Theresa arranged for Francis to become "Lord Lieutenant" (locumtenens) of Hungary in 1732. Jet d’Eau; 140 meters high fountain in Geneva Lake. Maria Theresa and Francis I had sixteen children—their youngest daughter was the future queen consort of France, Marie Antoinette (1755–1793). Friedrich-August’s maternal grandmother was Archduchess Maria-Amalia of Austria was a daughter of Empress Maria-Theresa and Emperor Franz I. ; 12 February 1768 – 2 March 1835) was the last Holy Roman Emperor from 1792 to 1806 and, as Francis I, the first Emperor of Austria from 1804 to 1835. He hesitated three times (and laid down the feather before signing). Daughter of Francis I, Holy Roman Emperor and Empress Maria Theresa of Austria (Habsburg Family), Marie Antoinette was the last Queen of France before the French Revolution. ; 12 February 1768 – 2 March 1835) was the last Holy Roman Emperor from 1792 to 1806 and, as Francis I, the first Emperor of Austria from 1804 to 1835. This particular affair was remarked upon in the letters and journals of visitors to the court and in those of his children.[8]. Archduchess of Austria and heiress of the Habsburg dynasty, married Francis III Stephen, Duke of Lorraine (later Francis I, Holy Roman Emperor). Died in childbirth. 10. Autograph signature to letter : Vienna, to Valerio Publicola of Santa Cruz, 1763 Mar. Role Title Holding Repository; creatorOf: Francis I, Holy Roman Emperor, 1708-1765. He was also the German king from 936. French Revolution. In October 1738 he was back in Vienna. The Emperor considered other possibilities (such as marrying her to the future Charles III of Spain) before announcing the engagement of the couple. Gian Gastone de' Medici, who died on 9 July 1737, was the second cousin of Francis (Gian Gastone and Francis' father Leopold were both great-grandchildren of Francis II, Duke of Lorraine), who also had Medici blood through his maternal great-great-grandmother Marie de' Medici, Queen consort of France and Navarre. Otto I was the Holy Roman Emperor from 962 until his death in 973. Soon after Napoleon created the Confederation of the Rhine, Francis abdicated as Holy Roman Emperor. Duke of Lorraine, Bar, and Grand Duke of Tuscany, Duke of Calabria, in Silesia of Teschen, Prince of Charleville, Margrave of Pont-à-Mousson and Nomeny, Count of Provence, Vaudémont, Blâmont, Zütphen, Saarwerden, Salm, Falkenstein, etc. [2] During a subsequent visit to England, Francis was made a Master Mason at another specially convened lodge at Houghton Hall, the Norfolk estate of British Prime Minister Robert Walpole.[3]. Francis was a serial adulterer, many of his affairs well-known and indiscreet, notably one with Maria Wilhelmina, Princess of Auersperg, who was thirty years his junior. Hale, Florence and the Medici, Orion books, p 192. Exhibition from 13 May till October 1980 in Vienna, Schloss Schönbrunn, p. 28, see also pp. Showing solidarity with Turkish government during army coup ,2 years back !!!! Daughter of Francis I, Holy Roman Emperor and Empress Maria Theresa of Austria (Habsburg Family), Marie Antoinette was the last Queen of France before the French Revolution. He had 15 siblings. Marie Antoinette was his father’s younger sister. Though he had a happy childhood surrounded by his many siblings,his family knew Francis was likely to be a future Emperor (his uncle Joseph had no surviving issue from either of his two marriages), and so in 1784 the young Archduke was sent to the Imperial Co… On Leopold Clement's death, Charles adopted the younger brother as his future son-in-law. The last Holy Roman Empress and the first Empress of Austria by marriage to Francis II, Holy Roman Emperor. He had four wives, only the second of whom (Maria-Theresa of the Two Sicilies (d.1807) produced significant numbers of children, notably his eldest daughter, Maria Luisa. He was officially succeeded by his eldest son Joseph II although the real power remained with his wife. Her execution through guillotine took place on Oct 16, 1793 in public at Place de la Revolution (Place de la Concorde today). A preliminary peace was concluded in October 1735 and ratified in the Treaty of Vienna in November 1738. With his wife, Maria Theresa, he was the founder of the Habsburg-Lorraine dynasty. France had demanded that Maria Theresa's fiancé surrender his ancestral Duchy of Lorraine to accommodate the deposed King of Poland. He was King of Hungary, Croatia and Bohemia. Daughter of Francis I, Holy Roman Emperor and Empress Maria Theresa of Austria (. Francis I (Francis Stephen; German: Franz Stefan; French: François Étienne; 8 December 1708 – 18 August 1765) was the Duke of Lorraine and Bar (1729–1737), and later Grand Duke of Tuscany (1737–1765), who married Maria Theresa of Austria and became Holy Roman Emperor (1745–1765) and Archduke of Austria (1740–1765). She was the daughter of Francis I who was the Holy Roman Emperor and Maria Theresa who was the ruler of the Hapsburg Empire. The eldest daughter of Ferdinand IV & III of Naples and Sicily (1751–1825) and Marie Caroline of Austria (1752–1814). Francis was a son of Emperor Leopold II (1747–1792) and his wife Maria Luisa of Spain (1745–1792), daughter of Charles III of Spain. However, most fascinating is a section dedicated to the Queen's living quarters including furniture, items of daily use and travel essentials. Archduchess Marie Antoinette was born on November 2nd, 1755 in Vienna, Austria. On 1 February, Maria Theresa sent Francis a letter: she would withdraw from her future reign, when a male successor for her father appeared. Francis II, the last Holy Roman emperor (1792-1806) and, as Francis I, emperor of Austria (1804-35); he was also, as Francis, king of Hungary (1792-1830) and king of Bohemia (1792-1836). Francis II , Emperor of the Holy Roman Empire, and Emperor of Austria as Francis I. At the age of 15, when he was brought to Vienna, he was established in the Silesian Duchy of Teschen, which had been mediatised and granted to his father by the emperor in 1722. He had designed to marry his daughter Maria Theresa to Francis' older brother Leopold Clement. He was very close to his brother Charles and sister Anne Charlotte. Francis was born on February 12, 1768, in Florence, the eldest son of Leopold, Grand Duke of Tuscany and future Holy Roman Emperor, and Archduchess Maria Louisa of Spain. The award gives rise to the award of a diploma at a ceremony at the University of Vienna. Your email address will not be published. Last Holy Roman Emperor (Francis II., 1792-1806), first Emperor of Austria (Francis I., 1804-35); Son of Emperor Leopold II, 1747-1792 and Maria–Luisa of Spain (1745 – 1792)). Francis I, by the grace of God elected Holy Roman Emperor, forever August, King in Germany and of Jerusalem, Archduke of Austria, The oldest surviving son of Leopold, Duke of Lorraine, Francis left the duchy for the deposed Polish king Stanisław Leszczyński in exchange for the Grand Duchy of Tuscany as one of the terms ending the War of the Polish Succession in 1738. She was thus younger sister to Joseph II, Holy Roman Emperor and older sister to Leopold II, Holy Roman Emperor, Maria-Carolina, Queen of Naples and Marie-Antoinette, Queen of France. If something were to go wrong, Francis would become governor of the Austrian Netherlands. With his wife, Maria Theresa of Austria , he was the founder of the Habsburg-Lorraine dynasty. He was very close to his brother Charles and sister Anne Charlotte. These pictures give a glimpse how one of the most famous/infamous Queens in recent European history once lived…, Your email address will not be published. He also took a great interest in the natural sciences. The wedding was held on 14 February 1736. He is buried in tomb number 55 in the Imperial Crypt in Vienna. Francis I, Holy Roman Emperor and Grand Duke of Tuscany (Francis Stephen; Nancy, France, 8th December 1708 – Innsbruck, Austria, 18th August 1765) After an interlude with a somewhat ambitious lady we are back in Austria for an audience with another Holy Roman Emperor , the founder of the powerful Hapsburg-Lorraine dynasty. Francis I (Francis Stephen; 8 December 1708 – 18 August 1765) was Holy Roman Emperor and Grand Duke of Tuscany, though his wife effectively executed the real power of those positions. Select from premium Francis I, Holy Roman Emperor of the highest quality. Francis was well content to leave the wielding of power to his able wife. Lothair I or Lothar I (Dutch: Lotharius, German: Lothar, French: Lothaire, Italian: Lotario) (795 – 29 September 855) was the Holy Roman Emperor (817–855, co-ruling with his father until 840), and the King of Bavaria (815–817), Italy (818–855) and … [6] Until then, Maria Theresa was Duchess of Lorraine. When the War of the Polish Succession broke out in 1733, France used it as an opportunity to seize Lorraine, since France's prime minister, Cardinal Fleury, was concerned that, as a Habsburg possession, it would bring Austrian power too close to France. He also served as the first president of the German Confederationfollo… Though he had a happy childhood surrounded by his many siblings, his family knew Francis was likely to be a future Emperor (his uncle Joseph had no surviving issue from either of his two marriages), and so in 1784 the young Archduke was sent to the Imperial Co… 18th century Holy Roman Emperor from the Habsburg-Lorraine house. Francis was born in Nancy, Lorraine (now in France), the oldest surviving son of Leopold, Duke of Lorraine, and his wife Princess Élisabeth Charlotte d'Orléans. Its a city by the sea sandwic, The Travel Diary in collaboration with Polani Travels , took its first internati. Required fields are marked *. 37, 38, 41, 47, 52, 53 for the other details described here. They married on 12 February in the Augustinian Church, Vienna. Francis was born in Florence, the capital of Tuscany, where his father reigned as Grand Duke from 1765–90. His wife effectively ruled Austria and the Holy Roman Empire. But for an arcane game of fate a third wife died prematurely, on 7 April 1816, and he, more stubborn in the same fate, for the fourth time and only seven months later, back on the altar to get married Caroline Augusta of Bavaria, daughter of King Maximilian I of the French Emperor, in 1810 by now slave Francis gives his daughter Maria Luisa and squeezes with him an Alliance against Russia but the … From 1728 until 1737 he was Duke of Lorraine, but lost Lorraine when he had to give it to France. He was very close to his brother and sister Anne Charlotte. The Habsburgs had been elected Holy Roman Emperors since 1438, but in 1742 Holy Roman Emperor Charles VII from the German House of Wittelsbach was elected. Especially his mother Élisabeth Charlotte d'Orléans and his brother Prince Charles Alexander of Lorraine were against the loss of Lorraine. On 5 January 1737, instruments of cession were signed at Pontremoli between Spain and the Empire, with Spain ceding Parma, Piacenza and Tuscany to the Holy Roman Empire and the Empire recognizing Don Carlos of Spain as King of Naples and Sicily. Maria Anna: 26 September 1718 – 16 December 1744 Archduchess of Austria, married Prince Charles Alexander of Lorraine, with whom she served as Governess of the Austrian Netherlands. Elisabeth of Parma had also wanted the Grand Duchy of Tuscany for her son Charles III of Spain; Gian Gastone de' Medici was childless and was related to Elisabeth via her great-grandmother Margherita de' Medici. Jul 26, 2015 - Francis I (German: Franz Stefan; Italian: Francesco Stefano; English: Francis Stephen; 8 December 1708 – 18 August 1765) was Holy Roman Emperor and Grand Duke of Tuscany, though his wife effectively executed the real powers of those positions. He was not excited about this position, but Maria Theresa wanted him closer to her. Maria Theresa secured in the Treaty of Füssen his election to the Empire on 13 September 1745, in succession to Charles VII, and she made him co-regent of her hereditary dominions. He was connected with the Habsburgs through his grandmother Eleonor, daughter of Emperor Ferdinand III, and wife of Charles Leopold of Lorraine, his grandfather. With his wife, Maria Theresa, he was the founder of the Habsburg-Lorraine dynasty. Francis was born in Florence, the capital of Tuscany, where his father reigned as Grand Duke from 1765–90. He died suddenly in his carriage while returning from the opera at Innsbruck on 18 August 1765. Maria Carolina, Queen of Naples and Sicily, Maximilian Francis, Archbishop-Elector of Cologne, Philip Stanhope, 4th Earl of Chesterfield, Coins and Medals of the Emperor Francis Stephen of Lorraine, Frederick I, Duke of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Francis_I,_Holy_Roman_Emperor&oldid=994568371, Grand Masters of the Order of the Golden Fleece, 18th century in the Grand Duchy of Tuscany, Freemasons of the Premier Grand Lodge of England, Recipients of the Military Order of Maria Theresa, Short description is different from Wikidata, Pages using infobox royalty with unknown parameters, Wikipedia articles incorporating a citation from the 1911 Encyclopaedia Britannica with Wikisource reference, Wikipedia articles incorporating text from the 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica, Wikipedia articles with BIBSYS identifiers, Wikipedia articles with RKDartists identifiers, Wikipedia articles with SELIBR identifiers, Wikipedia articles with SNAC-ID identifiers, Wikipedia articles with SUDOC identifiers, Wikipedia articles with WORLDCATID identifiers, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, died in childhood likely from smallpox, no issue, This page was last edited on 16 December 2020, at 11:34. Maria Theresa and Francis I had sixteen children, amongst them the last pre-revolutionary queen consort of France, their youngest daughter, Marie Antoinette (1755–1793). He died in 1745 and via a treaty Maria Theresa arranged for her husband Francis Stephen, Duke of Lorraine to be elected Holy Roman Emperor. Francis was born in Nancy, Lorraine (now in France), the oldest surviving son of Leopold Joseph, duke of Lorraine, and his wife Élisabeth Charlotte d'Orléans, daughter of Philippe, duc d'Orléans. Prince Charles Alexander of Lorraine the 18th century Holy Roman Empire the first president the! 'S sons could claim by right of being a descendant of Margherita financial,... Father as Duke of Lorraine signature to letter: Vienna, to Valerio Publicola of Cruz! Ruled Austria and the Medici, Orion books, p 192 Marie Antoinette including,! Also pp Austria ( in Florence, the travel Diary in collaboration with Travels. 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